Local winds are influenced by the pressure and temperature variations over a localized spatial area. They are usually short-lived lasting between a few hours to a season. Sea breezes and land breezes, Anabatic and Katabatic winds, and Foehn winds are some of the prominent types of local winds. In this article, we have prepared an exhaustive of all the major local winds of the world.
| Name of Local Wind | Nature of the Wind | Region/Area |
|---|---|---|
| Abrolhos | Violent squall | Off the southeastern coast of Brazil |
| Alisio | Easterly trade wind | Caribbean |
| Alize | Wet, northerly wind | Central Africa and the Caribbean |
| Amihan | Northeasterly wind | Philippines |
| Autan | Warm, föhn-type southeasterly wind | Mediterranean Languedoc region |
| Barguzin | Steady, strong wind | Lake Baikal in Russia |
| Bayamo | Violent wind | Cuba‘s southern coast |
| Berg | Katabatic wind | South Africa |
| Bise | Cold, northern wind | France and northeastern wind in Switzerland |
| Böhm | Cold, dry wind | Central Europe |
| Bora | Northeasterly | From eastern Europe to northeastern Italy and northwestern Balkans |
| Brickfielder | Hot and dry wind | Southern Australia |
| Brisote | Northeast trade wind when blows strongly | Cuba |
| Brookings Effect (Chetco Effect) | Off-shore wind | Southwestern Oregon coast, United States |
| Buran (Purga) | In summer- it is a hot, dry wind, whipping up sandstorms. In winter- it is bitterly cold and often accompanied by blizzards. | Eastern Asia |
| Burle | North wind which blows in the winter | South-central France |
| Caju | Stormy gale-force north-westerly | Atlantic coast of Brazil |
| Calima | Dust-laden south to south-easterly wind | Saharan Air Layer across the Canary Islands |
| Name of Local Wind | Nature of the Wind | Region/Area |
|---|---|---|
| Cape Doctor | Dry south-easterly wind (in summer) | South African coast |
| Carpinteiro | Strong southeasterly wind | along the southern Atlantic coast of Brazil |
| Cers | Strong, very dry northeasterly wind | Bas-Languedoc region in southern France |
| Chinook | Warm dry westerly | Off the Rocky Mountains |
| Cierzo ( el cordonazo de San Francisco/the Lash of St Francis) | Cool north/northwesterly wind | Ebro Valley in Spain |
| Cordonazo | Southerly hurricane winds | West coast of Mexico |
| Coromuel | South to south-west wind | La Paz area of the Baja California peninsula and the Gulf of California |
| Criva | Strong, very cold north-easterly wind | Moldavia, Dobruja, and the Baragan Plain parts of Romania |
| Diablo | Hot, dry, offshore wind | From the northeast in the San Francisco bay |
| East Asian Monsoon (known as “jangma” in Korea and “tsuyu” in Japan) | A monsoonal flow that carries moist air | From the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean to East Asia. |
| Elephanta | Strong southerly or southeasterly wind | on the Malabar coast of India |
| Etesian | Northerly across | Greece and Turkey |
| Euroclydon | Cyclonic tempestuous northeast wind | Mediterranean |
| Föhn or foehn | Warm, dry, southerly wind | Northern side of the Alps and North Italy. The name gave rise to the fén-feng ‘burning wind’ of Taiwan. |
| Fremantle Doctor | Afternoon sea breeze during summer | From the Indian Ocean which cools Perth, Western Australia |
| Garua, la garúa, or garoa | Dry winds | Hits the lower western slopes of the Andes |
| Ghibli | Hot dry southeasterly wind | Libya |
| Gilavar | South wind | Absheron Peninsula of the Azerbaijan Republic |
| Gregale | Northeasterly | Greece |
| Habagat | Southwesterly wind | across the Philippines |
| Halny | Foehn type of wind | Northern Carpathians |
| Helm | North-easterly wind | north-easterly wind in Cumbria, England |
| Kaimai Breeze | Turbulent wind with strong downdrafts | Kaimai Range |
| Name of Local Wind | Nature of the Wind | Region/Area |
|---|---|---|
| Kalbaishakhi | Local rainfall and thunderstorm | India and Bangladesh |
| Kali Andhi or simply Andhi | Violent dust squalls that occur before monsoon | Northwestern parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain region of the Indian Subcontinent |
| Karakaze | Strong cold mountain wind | from Gunma Prefecture in Japan |
| Khamsin | Hot dry southeasterly wind | Egypt |
| Khazri | Cold, coastal gale-force wind | North Caspian Sea |
| Kona | Southeast wind (replacing trade winds, bringing high humidity and often rain) | Hawaii |
| Košava | Strong and cold southeasterly season wind | Serbia |
| Les Suêtes | High-speed southeasterly winds | Western Cape Breton Highlands |
| Leste | Hot, dry easterly wind | Madeira and Canary Islands |
| Leveche | Warm southwest wind | Parts of coastal Mediterranean Spain) |
| Libeccio | Southwesterly | Italy |
| Llevantades | North-north-east and east-north-east | East coast of Spain |
| Lodos | Southwesterly (It occurs 6 – 7 times a year bringing 35 kt winds into Marmara Sea. The winds are funneled SE from the Mediterranean and through the Dardanelles Strait.) | Turkey |
| Loo | Hot wind | Plains of India and Pakistan. |
| Maestro | Cold northerly | Adriatic sea |
| Mango showers | Accompanied by thunderstorm bringing rainfall during months of March and April. | Southern India |
| Marin | South-easterly | From Mediterranean to France |
| Meltemi | Etesian northerly | Greece, Turkey, and Aegean sea |
| Minuano | Cold southwesterly wind | Southern Brazil |
| Mistral | Cold northerly | From central France and the Alps to Mediterranean |
| N’aschi | Northeastern wind | Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf, and on the Makran coast |
| Nigeq | Strong wind | From the east in Greenland |
| Name of Local Wind | Nature of the Wind | Region/Area |
|---|---|---|
| Nordés | North-eastern wind | Galicia |
| Nor’easter | Strong storm with winds | From the northeast on the north eastern coast of the United States particularly New England states and the east coast of Canada Atlantic Canada |
| Norte | Strong cold northeasterly wind | Mexico |
| Oroshi | Strong katabatic wind | Kanto Plain |
| Ostro | Southerly wind | Mediterranean |
| Pampero | Very strong wind generally accompanied with a thick line of squalls, with severe rains, hail and thunderstorm | From the sea over the Rio de la Plata into the Pampa. |
| Papagayo | Periodic wind | Nicaragua and Costa Rica and out over the Gulf of Papagayo |
| Piteraq | Cold katabatic wind | Greenlandic east coast |
| Plough Wind | Straight line wind which precedes thunderstorms or thunderstorm clusters | Canada |
| Poniente, ponente, or ponent | Strong west to east wind formed by the wind tunnel effect of the Gibraltar Strait | Straits of Gibraltar andnorth-western Mediterranean |
| Puelche | Dry foehn-like eastern wind | Western slope of the Andes in south-central Chile |
| Rashabar (Rashaba) | Strong wind | Kurdistan Region of Iraq, particularly in Sulaimaniya |
| Roaring Forties | Strong westerly winds | Southern Hemisphere |
| Santa Ana winds | Dry downslope winds | Affect coastal Southern California and northern Baja California |
| Santa Lucia winds | Downslope wind | Affects southern San Luis Obispo and northern Santa Barbara Counties, California |
| Sarma | Cold strong wind | at the western shore of Lake Baikal |
| Shamal | Summer northwesterly wind | Iraq and the Persian Gulf states |
| Sharqi | seasonal dry, dusty Middle Eastern wind | From the south and southeast |
| Simoom | Strong, dry, desert wind | Israel, Jordan, Syria, and the desert of Arabia |
| Sirocco | Southerly | From north Africa to southern Europe |
| Solano | South to south-easterly wind | in the southern sector of Spain |
| Southerly Buster | Rapidly arriving low pressure cell (cold) during summer | Sydney, Australia |
| Squamish | strong, violent wind | Fjords of British Columbia |
| Sudestada, | Strong offshore wind | From the Southeast associated with most of the shipwrecks in Uruguay‘s Rio de la Plata coast |
| Sukhovey | Hot dry wind | Steppes, semi-deserts, and deserts of the Kazakhstan and the Caspian region |
| Sundowner | Strong offshore wind | Off the California coast |
| Tehuantepecer or Tehuano wind | Periodic wind | Blows across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in southern Mexico and out over the Gulf of Tehuantepec |
| The Hawk | Cold winter wind | Chicago |
| Tramontane | Cold northwesterly | From the Pyrenees or northeasterly from the Alps to the Mediterranean |
| Vendavel | Westerly | Through the Strait of Gibraltar |
| Viento de Levante or Levanter | Easterly | Through Strait of Gibraltar |
| Warm Braw | foehn wind | Schouten Islands, north of New Guinea |
| Washoe Zephyr | Seasonal diurnal wind | Parts of western Nevada |
| Williwaw | Strong, violent wind | The Strait of Magellan, the Aleutian Islands, and the coastal fjords of Southeast Alaska |
| Wind of 120 days | Four-month-long hot and dry wind | Sistan Basin in Iran and Afghanistan |
| Witch of November, or November Witch | Strong winds in Autumn | Great Lakes in North America |
| Wreckhouse | Strong downslope winds | Long Range Mountains in south-western Newfoundland |
| Zonda wind | Warm & dry wind | Eastern slope of the Andes in Argentina |
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"Major Local Winds of the World: With Map and Examples." Dashamlav.com. Web. 27 July 2024. <https://dashamlav.com/major-local-winds-world-map-examples/>
Dashamlav.com, "Major Local Winds of the World: With Map and Examples." Accessed 27 July 2024. https://dashamlav.com/major-local-winds-world-map-examples/
"Major Local Winds of the World: With Map and Examples." (n.d.). Dashamlav.com. Retrieved 27 July 2024 from https://dashamlav.com/major-local-winds-world-map-examples/