Vitamins and minerals are essential for the health of our body. Vitamins are organic compounds that are required in small amounts in our diet. These micro-nutrients help maintaining vital functions of life. Therefore it is obvious that the deficiency of any of the vitamins or minerals can cause diseases. The following table lists such illnesses / diseases.
| Vitamin | Deficiency disease |
|---|---|
| Vitamin A (Retinol) | Night blindness |
| Vitamin B 1 (Thiamine) | Beriberi , Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome |
| Vitamin B 2 (Riboflavin) | Ariboflavinosis , glossitis , angular stomatitis |
| Vitamin B 3 (Niacin) | Pellagra |
| Vitamin B 5 (Pantothenic acid) | Paresthesia |
| Vitamin B 6 (Pyridoxine) | Anemia, Peripheral neuropathy |
| Vitamin B 7 (Biotin) | Dermatitis , enteritis |
| Vitamin B 9 (Folic acid) | Megaloblastic anemia |
| Vitamin B 12 (Cyanocobalamin) | Vitamin B 12 deficiency anemia |
| Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) | Scurvy |
| Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol) | Rickets |
| Vitamin E (Tocopherols) | Deficiency is very rare; mild hemolytic anemia in infants |
| Vitamin K (Phylloquinone) | Non-clotting of Blood |
| Types of Minerals | Deficiency Diseases |
|---|---|
| Calcium | Brittle bones, excessive bleeding |
| Phosphorus | Bad teeth and bones |
| Iron | Anemia |
| Iodine | Goiter, enlarged thyroid gland |
| Copper | Low appetite, retarded growth |
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