Viruses are among the nature’s biggest mysteries. These protein coated pieces of DNA/RNA can sometimes wreck havoc on other life forms on the planet. This includes humans as well. Recently, the coronavirus pandemic was caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus which brought the whole world to a standstill. Viral diseases have always been affecting humans. We are presenting a list of important virus caused diseases and how to prevent them.
List of Important Viral Diseases
| Virus Name | Disease | Transmission | Prevention |
|---|---|---|---|
| SARS-CoV-2 | Covid-19 | Droplet contact | Social distancing; frequent handwash |
| Poliovirus | Poliomyletis | Fecal-oral | Polio vaccine; avoiding contaminated food and water |
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) | AIDS | Sexual contact; blood; breast milk | Practicing safe sex; blood product screening; avoiding shared needles/syringes |
| Measles virus | Measles | Droplet contact | MMR vaccine; quarantining the sick; avoiding contact with the sick |
| Mumps virus | Mumps | Droplet contact | MMR vaccine; quarantining the sick; avoiding contact with the sick |
| Rabies virus | Rabies | Animal bite; droplet contact | Rabies vaccine; avoiding rabid animals |
| Rubella virus | Congenital rubella | Respiratory; droplet contact | MMR vaccine; avoiding close contact with the sick |
| Influenza virus | Flu | Droplet contact | influenza vaccine; hand washing; covering mouth when coughing/sneezing |
| Hepatitis A virus | Acute hepatitis | Fecal-oral | Hepatitis A vaccine; avoiding contaminated food/water |
| Hepatitis B virus | Acute hepatitis; chronic hepatitis; hepatic cirrhosis | Bodily fluids; sexual contact | Hepatitis B vaccine; avoiding shared needles/syringes; practicing safe sex |
| Hepatitis C virus | Acute hepatitis; chronic hepatitis; hepatic cirrhosis | Blood; sexual contact | Avoiding shared needles/syringes; practicing safe sex |
| Varicella-zoster virus | Chickenpox; herpes zoster | Droplet contact; direct contact | Vaccine; avoiding close contact with the sick |
| Smallpox virus | Smallpox (now eradicated) | Inhalation of airborne Variola virus; droplet contact | Smallpox has now been eradicated. Last known cases was in 1978 in United Kingdom |
| Ebola virus | Ebola | Direct contact with the blood or other body fluids of a person who has developed symptoms of the disease. | Supportive care |
| SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-1) | Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) | Droplet contact | Supportive care |
| Marburg virus | Marburg virus disease (MVD) | There is no treatment, only immediate supportive care | |
| Hantavirus | Hantavirus Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS); Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) | Contact with rodent urine, saliva, or feces | Eliminate or minimize contact with rodents |
| Dengue virus (DENV) | Dengue fever | Aedes mosquitos, particularly A. aegypti. | Protection from the bites of the mosquitoes. |
| Rotavirus | Rotaviral enteritis (nausea, vomiting, watery diarrhea and low-grade fever) | Fecal-oral route | Rotavirus vaccine |
| MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-related CoronaVirus) | Middle East respiratory syndrome | Contact with camels | Avoid contact with camels. |
| Nipah virus | Nipah virus infection | Exposure to meat of sick pigs, plant products infected by bats. | Avoid exposure to bats in endemic areas and sick pigs. |
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"List of Disease Causing Viruses, Their Transmission Mode and Prevention." Dashamlav.com. Web. 21 November 2024. <https://dashamlav.com/viral-diseases/>
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"List of Disease Causing Viruses, Their Transmission Mode and Prevention." (n.d.). Dashamlav.com. Retrieved 21 November 2024 from https://dashamlav.com/viral-diseases/