DNA Codon Chart of Amino Acids (and Reverse Table as well)

A codon or triplet is a sequence of three nucleotide. This triplet of nucleotide determines the amino acid to be used during protein synthesis process. One codon indicates exactly one amino acid or the end of the protein synthesis process. However, more than one codons can indicate the same amino acid. There can are a total of 64 codons. Of these, 61 codons code for an amino acid (and three are stop codons).

Start codon is the first codon in the messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript. The most common start codon is ATG is DNA sequence. Start codon always codes for methionine in eukaryotes and a modified methionine (fMet) in bacteria, mitochondria and plastids.

A stop codon signals the end of the translation of protein. TTA, TAG and TGA are the three stop codons. A premature stop codon a sequence mutation type that results in the coding of a stop codon prematurely in the reading frame. Stop codons are recognized by release factors (eRF1 and eRF3), which promote hydrolysis of the peptidyl-tRNA bond in the peptidyl transferase center (P-site) of the large ribosomal subunit. Therefore the stop codons do not have corresponding anticodons, instead they are matched by the release factors.

An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides found on tRNA, complementary to that of a corresponding codon in a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence.

DNA Codon Chart / Table

Reverse Codon Table